Battles fought by Ancient Greeks and their neighbors Essay

Fights battled by Ancient Greeks and their neighbors - Essay Example The all out weight of a hoplite's hardware and protective layer was 50-60 pounds. For the most part, just the well off and upper-white collar class filled in as hoplites because of the significant expenses of the hardware. From the outset, the lances were around seven feet in length, and the development was around six to seven positions profound. In battle the phalanx would move towards the foe as one, framing a thick mass of lances. At the point when two phalanxes battled, one would endeavor to either break the development of the other or at times push the troopers in the contradicting phalanx over. Inevitably some further developed strategies were grown, for example, unexpected assaults on a specific point in a phalanx. The phalanx was a solid development that had high stun power and could safeguard against charging substantial mounted force. Be that as it may, the arrangement was additionally moderate, and it should have been set up before fight. Light infantry was likewise utilized regularly by Greek city-states. Kinds of light infantry included peltasts, or lance hurlers; toxophilite; and slingers. Peltasts were the most well-known kind of light infantry. They battled with blades and spears, and they wore just light defensive layer and shields. Toxophilite conveyed a bow and bolt, and slingers conveyed a sling that could be utilized to fling little stones or lead slugs at an adversary. The gear conveyed by the light infantry was less expensive than that conveyed by the hoplites, and numerous less fortunate residents battled as light infantry. While light infantry couldn't withstand a charge of substantial infantry on the off chance that it was caught, it was increasingly portable, and could wear out the adversary from a far distance. Rangers was additionally at times utilized by the Ancient Greeks. Initially light mounted force that tossed lances was utilized, however the Macedonians built up a sort of substantial rangers k nown as The Companion Cavalry. These cavalrymen conveyed nine to twelve foot spears and wore overwhelming covering. Light mounted force was utilized for observation and badgering, and the allies were utilized to make a conclusive charge that would overwhelm a foe power and win the fight. Old Greek maritime powers utilized a kind of warship called the trireme. This boat was impelled by three columns of paddles. The rowers were slaves in numerous states, and poor residents in Athens. Triremes conveyed marines for boarding an adversary transport, toxophilite, a battering ram and some little ballistae and slings. One regular strategy that was utilized was smashing, which is the place a boat would accelerate and attempt to crash into another boat with its battering ram so an opening would be broken in the other boat. The other significant strategies were boarding and a strategy where a boat would brush against another to attempt to break the paddles in the other boat. The primary significant fights that the Greeks battled against rivals from outside Greece were in the Persian Wars. These wars kept going from 499 BC to 448 BC. The Persians utilized unexpected strategies in comparison to the Greeks. Persian powers were for the most part comprised of light infantry that pre-owned bows, lances, and blades. Persian infantry had just light protective layer and wicker shields. Persian strategies included the utilization of a lot of bows and arrows. Generally, just the front positions of the Persian infantry would participate in skirmish battle, while different positions gave the foe bolts. The Immortals were a tip top unit that comprised of simply the best warriors. Just Medians, Elamites, or Persians could serve in this unit. The Immortals consistently kept their quality at 10,000 men, and they filled in as the

Sx wk2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sx wk2 - Essay Example This is the place Freud proposes that youngsters start to shape an appreciation for their inverse sexed parent. In the fourth stage, called the idleness stage, the kid has lethargic sexual emotions as opposed to following up on them (six years of age to adolescence). At last in the fifth stage, the kid is starting to show enthusiasm for their privates and they will be they are starting to begin sexual action or possibly discussing it (adolescence and up). (Feist and Rosenberg, 2010, p. 505). Freud accepted that sexuality was a characteristic encounter for an individual. He accepted that there was nothing amiss with homosexuality and it was not in any manner neurotic. He said that every single individual are characteristically indiscriminate (Bohan, 1996, p. 76). Fundamentally he felt that heterosexuality and homosexuality were common outgrowths of human sexuality. He likewise considered it a formative contortion (Bohan, p. 76). Freud believed that youngsters decided their sexuality when they were more youthful and it would rely upon the relationship that the kid had with their folks. He accepted that both heterosexuality and homosexuality came structure a maiming complex when a kid discovered that his mom was not quite the same as he was on the grounds that she didn't have a penis; a kid could likewise have issues splitting endlessly from a mother who was tyrannical (Faqs.org). He additionally observed that young men and young ladies had their first attractions to individuals of the other gender when they wound up pulled in to their other gender parent. He expressed that young men would build up an Oedipus Complex and young ladies would build up an Electra Complex. He accepted that regardless of what the sexuality, it was a solid outgrowth of improvement. Freud was an exceptionally intriguing man and it is realized that he concentrated generally the individuals who were in mental establishments where he worked. This is the reason numerous scientists reprimand his work. Do you imagine that contemplating the intellectually not well polluted his outcomes? Would you imagine that the

Taking Xanax and Klonopin Together

Taking Xanax and Klonopin Together Depression Treatment Medication Print Taking Xanax and Klonopin Together: What Are the Adverse Effects? By Michael Bihari, MD Michael Bihari, MD, is a board-certified pediatrician, health educator, and medical writer, and president emeritus of the Community Health Center of Cape Cod. Learn about our editorial policy Michael Bihari, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Getty Images More in Depression Treatment Medication Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Types Childhood Depression Suicide Are you wondering whether its a good idea to take both Xanax (alprazolam) and Klonopin (clonazepam)  for anxiety and panic attacks? You might be concerned about what potential side effects there might be when you take both drugs together. Learn more about the pros and cons so you know what to discuss with your doctor.   Possible Side Effects Xanax and Klonopin belong to a  class  (or type) of medications known as benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat anxiety and help many people who have a panic disorder. Both of these medications can cause undesirable side effects in some people, including daytime drowsiness, a hungover feeling, mood changes, and allergic reactions.?? Also, these drugs can become less effective over time, and some people increase the dose to help relieve anxiety. However, such increases in the dosage can lead to dependence and make it difficult to decrease the medication or stop it.?? Since Xanax and Klonopin belong to the same drug class and are similar medications, they have similar adverse effects. Taking both of them at the same time may make it more likely that you will experience an adverse effect.?? How Long to Take Each Drug You may want to speak with your physician about how long you will be on Xanax and Klonopin and if it will be necessary for you to continue to take both medications. Xanax stays in your body for less time than Klonopin. If you start by taking Xanax alone, your physician may start the Klonopin to help you better control your anxiety and panic attacks. If it helps, your physician may recommend that you decrease the dosage of your Xanax and wean yourself off it. Drug Interactions You also need to be aware that both Xanax and Klonopin interact with many other medications. It is important that you tell your physician and your pharmacist about all medications that you are using. This includes prescription drugs,  over-the-counter drugs, and even supplements such as vitamins and herbal remedies. Both medications also interact with grapefruit juice, which may increase the amount of the medication that gets into your body. Drinking grapefruit juice could increase your risk of adverse effects, so avoid that beverage completely to be safe. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Anxiety and panic attacks can be symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a condition that is common among veterans who return from Iraq and Afghanistan. If you are concerned that you may have PTSD, please speak with your physician to make sure that you get properly diagnosed and receive access to appropriate services. For instance, your doctor may recommend that you receive another treatment such as psychological  therapy in addition to taking any medication(s). Also be aware that people who suffer from anxiety and people who have PTSD are more likely than the general population to abuse substances,?? so keep a close eye on your intake of alcohol and recreational drugs because you might need to seek out separate treatment for that.

French Audio Resources for Speaking and Listening

Play in childhood - 1379 Words

Play What is play? Play is defined as engaging in activates for enjoyment recreation rather than a serious practical purpose. Playing is a disorganized voluntary spontaneous activity, which may include objects, one’s body, symbol usage, and relationships. Play is flexible, individualize, grouped, motivating, self-directed, open-ended, or self-directed. (Smith, 2013) (Saskatchewan Ministry of Education, 2010) While playing, children are gaining creative skills for creative development, which enhances the ability of creativity, learning techniques, and academic success. The most important development is cognitive. This development is vital for school success. Cognitive development enables a child to solve problems,†¦show more content†¦Sensorimotor play, also know as functional play, involves repetitive use of reflexes, such as, swinging, sliding, or playing on the merry-go-round This type of play can be observed on playgrounds. Dramatic play is a type of symbolic play in which a child acts out an individual. When others engage in the acting, it becomes sociodramatic play. Games with rules allow children to build social skills. (Playground Professionals LLC, 2013) Importance of play Why is play important? Erik Erikson third stage of psychosocial development, â€Å"initiative versus guilt† emerges around 3-6 years of age. During this aggressive stage, children start to take on life and exploring themselves. If a child has too much guilt in this stage, it can hinder the child and slow down their social and creativity skills. Parents are to encourage the child, but give guilt as well to establish their self-control and conscience. (McLeod, 2013) Play is essential in child development, because skills such as language, physical, emotional, social, literacy, creative, and cognitive are developed. A variety of play, activities, and toys, require different words to describe the play that is occurring, enhancing language development. Language development is important in communication, language forms functions, intentional verbal interactions (asking and answering questions), and playing with language (i.e., rhymes, jokes, riddles).Show MoreRelatedImportance of Play in Early Childhood1586 Words   |  7 PagesPlay is an important part of children’s life that keeps them healthy both physically and mentally. It is a way through which children explore their imagination, build various skills required for their development in different areas. In this essay, importance of play in children’s learning and development is discussed in relation to Piaget’s cognitive theory, Vygotsky socio-cultural theory and Te Whaariki. Moreover, the teacher’s role and strategies used in encouraging the play-based curriculum inRead MoreGender Play - Childhood Influences2586 Words   |  11 PagesChildhood is simply the time between infancy and adulthood, the time when we are developing, learning and are dependent on someone to guide us and help us through life. Richard Mills’ (2000, p.8) research shows many views, such as is â€Å"childhood a state of powerlessness and adaptation to a lack of power (as Waksler maintains, 1991:69)?† â€Å"...Or dependency (Shipman, 1972: 13)? Can it not simply be regarded as a period of biological, intellectual, and social development; as a time for the ‘accumulationRead MoreEarly Childhood Play Observation Paper1567 Words   |  7 PagesKaushiga Selvamanickam ECE: 101 INTRODUCTION TO EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION PLAY OBSERVATIOIN PAPER The School I Selected For the Play Observation Is QUINSIGAMOND CHILDREN’S SCHOOL AN EARLY EDUCATION AND CHILDCARE PROGRAM. This school is a licensed childcare program and NAEYC accelerated. The center is providing child care program for children age from 2.9 to 5 years old. There is 2 preschool classroom, I did my observation in preschool classroom room no: 1 on 10/2/2017 time from 9am to 10am. ThereRead MorePlay: An Effective Component of Childhood Development2016 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿The notion of play could be perceived to encompass any form of ludic activity and is a crucial element pertaining to early childhood years. It is an acknowledged fact that, if presented with the choice, both children and adults would like to play. However, the assumption originally launched by Piaget still endures, namely that play is indicative of immature functioning, a developmental stage that children go through, and that if this is successfully transcended they will then be ready for formalRead MoreRole Of Play On Early Childhood Education2754 Words   |  12 Pages Role of Play on Early Childhood Education Bharati Saha Early Childhood Education Department, University of Oklahoma This paper is submitted for the EDEC 5970 – Social Emotion in Early Childhood as part of the course requirement. Abstract Early childhood development occurs in six domains. This paper discusses the role of play and its effects on these domains in children learning. Different types play and play centers were discussed to show connectivity of the play type and domainRead MoreThe Psychology of Play During Childhood Essay3221 Words   |  13 Pages Play is the business of childhood, allowing your child free rein to experiment with the world around him and the emotional world inside him, says Linda Acredolo, professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis and co-author of Baby Signs: How to Talk With Your Baby Before Your Baby Can Talk and Baby Minds: Brain-Building Games Your Baby Will Love. While it may look like mere childs play to you, theres a lot of work — problem solving, skill building, overcoming Read MoreGender Differences Of Childhood Play Behavior3366 Words   |  14 PagesGender Differences in Childhood Play Behavior To the general population, a child’s playmate is not considered as having much importance. Many people tend to look at a child’s playmate as insignificant because they believe that children do not care who they play with and it is of random chance that children interact with either same or cross-sex. However, in actuality, a child’s playmate is very important because one of the many goals of infancy and toddlerhood is to enable children to express theirRead MoreThe Importance Of Play For Early Childhood Education Programs1699 Words   |  7 PagesGDTCS 101 PLAY AND PEDAGOGY GDTCS 101 PLAY AND PEDAGOGY GDTCS 101 PLAY AND PEDAGOGY Assessment 2 Respond to scenarios that examine?the relevance of the main discourses of play for early childhood education programs This essay introduces the definition of play, its importance in early years. It also makes us understand the different contributions made by theorists in enhancing our understanding the value of play. It also examines the implications of play on children and early childhood servicesRead MoreIn Early Childhood, Play Diverges, Contingent On An Immense1351 Words   |  6 PagesIn early childhood, play diverges, contingent on an immense amount of intricacies and has been predisposed through the years by numerous theories in early childhood development. Consideration needs to be taken as to if play is free and simple or not. Over the years there has been a multitude of different theories about the purpose of a child’s play. The first theories of play were developed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries with four main theories that involved the perception of how andRead More Childhood Play Behavior and Cognitive Development Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pages Childhood play behavior is an important part of every child’s life. Starting in infancy, children begin to explore their world through play. This behavior can serve as an indicator of the child’s cognitive and social development. The research on play and development is a key to helping caregivers understand the importance of childhood play. This paper will focus on the psychological aspects of childhood play behavior and its relation to cognitive development. According to the

Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine System Free Essays

Chapter 5 Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine System STANDALONE WIND ENERGY SYSTEM Size OF WIND SYSTEM COMPONENTS The sizing methodological analysis adopted for the bing Wind power system for the small town Umrikheda is explained consistently as follows: Calculation of electric burden The burden of small town Umrikheda 150 kWh/day can be operated by the proposed base entirely weave energy system. The elaborate size methodological analysis adopted for day-to-day electrical burden of the distant small town Umrikheda which is operated by the present WIND system is given in below Table 5.1. We will write a custom essay sample on Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Table 5.1: Electrical burden of small town Umrikheda S. No. Energy ingestion ( Wh/day ) 1 Families 98,500 2 Street illuming 15,800 3 School 26,500 4 Others 9200 Entire 150 kWh/day The entire day-to-day electric burden of the small townimg alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.001.png"/ The designed burden for the air current energy system must be higher than the entire electrical burden of the location because at the clip of operation burden fluctuations and power losingss are occurs in the air current turbine system. The designed burden for the air current turbine systemimg alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.002.png"/ From equation ( 5.2 ) the day-to-day electrical ingestion for planing of air current turbine energy system is obtained as 225 kWh/day. The factor 1.5 is known as Fudge factor. This accounts for efficiency losingss, wiring and interconnectedness losingss and besides the battery charging and discharging losingss in the WES constituents. size of air current turbine The selected air current turbine must fit the air current features at the site and it should bring forth optimal energy with a high capacity factor ( CF ) to run into the electrical energy demand. The Turbine size is determined utilizing Eq. ( 5.4 ) . Based on the power equation of air current turbine the diameter of turbine is considered 18 m so that the swept country of the air current turbine for the bing power system is obtained with the usage of diameter. The power equation for air and turbine are given as follows. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.003.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.004.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.005.png"/ Where ? is the air denseness and its value is 1.225, CPhosphorusis power coefficient with changeless value 0.59, A is the swept country of the selected air current turbine and V is the mean hourly air current velocity of the location which is 4.5 m/sec. based on Eq. ( 5.4 ) the power of one air current turbine is obtained as 8.38 kilowatt. The entire figure of wind turbine required to carry through the load demand of the location is 27 turbines each of 8.38 kilowatt capacities. Sizing of battery bank The battery bank size in kW hr can be determined by the Eq. ( 5.5 ) . For bettering life of battery and for back-to-back cloudy yearss the figure of autonomy yearss is considered as 3 yearss in the proposed air current power system. The deep cycling will be occasional during nebulose yearss and therefore better the battery life. The three yearss of liberty was used by zero energy visitants centre ( ZEVC ) located at the Van Ness Campus of University of the District of Columbia as reported in 2006 by the Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy ( CERE ) [ 7 ] . Battery bank Size img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.006.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.007.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.008.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.009.png"/ Here the figure of autonomy yearss is considered 3 yearss and the maximal deepness of discharge for the battery bank is taken 75 % . The size of battery bank is 900 kWh calculated by Eq. ( 5.5 ) . Capacity of battery bank The capacity of the battery bank in ampere-hours can be evaluated by spliting the safe energy storage required by the DC electromotive force of one battery as shown in Eq. ( 5.6 ) . In the bing system we have chosen the evaluation of battery is 12 V and 350 Ah. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.010.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.011.png"/ Harmonizing to the obtained capacity of the battery bank from Eq. ( 5.6 ) , another determination has to be made sing the capacity of each of the batteries of that bank. The battery bank is composed of batteries that are connected in series and in parallel harmonizing to the selected battery electromotive force evaluation and the system demands. Number of batteries The entire figure of batteries is obtained by spliting the capacity C of the battery bank in ampere-hours by the capacity of one of the battery selected in ampere-hours which is calculated by Eq. ( 5.7 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.012.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.013.png"/ The figure of batteries required for the system is obtained from the Eq. ( 5.7 ) is 214.28 which is rounded to 216 batteries. The connexion of batteries can easy be figured out by happening out the figure of series and parallel affiliated batteries. With system DC-voltage of 48 V, the figure of batteries connected in series is obtained by Eq. ( 5.8 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.014.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.015.png"/ The figure of series connected batteries is determined by Eq. ( 5.8 ) which is 4. With the usage of this value we can cipher the batteries connected in analogue or the figure of strings by Eq. ( 5.9 ) which is as follows. No. of strings ( batteries connected in analogue ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.016.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.017.png"/ The figure of parallel strings of four series connected batteries is determined by Eq. ( 5.9 ) . The entire figure of batteries is 216 which can be arranged in 54 parallel strings and each of the twine consists of 4 series connected batteries. The Ah capacity of battery bank gets added when batteries are connected in analogue and remains same when batteries are connected in series. Converter sizing The convertor size is chosen as it fulfills the burden demand when the system is non runing. The dc electromotive force of the bing system is 48 V so the convertor must be chosen which takes the Ac end product from the air current turbine and change over it into 48 V District of Columbia. The evaluation of convertor should ne’er be lower than the system evaluation, it is ever 10 % higher than the system evaluation. The size of convertor for the present system can be calculated by Eq. ( 5.10 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.018.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.019.png"/ The mean power of the contraptions that may run at the same time at the same clip is taken as 40 kilowatt. So the needed convertor must be capable of managing 40 kilowatt. Cost OF SYSTEM COMPONENTS Cost of turbine Turbine is dwelling of four chief constituents as Blades, Hub, nose cone and tower. The cost of all these constituents is sums up for finding the entire cost of air current turbine. The below look shows the entire cost of turbine as follows. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.020.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.021.png"/ In the present survey we have used WES 5 Tulipo type air current turbine. The cost of one air current turbine is a‚? 51000 and the entire cost of air current turbine is obtained as a‚? 1,377,000. Cost of battery bank The cost of battery bank can be calculated on the footing of existent size of the battery bank. Cost of battery bank can be calculated by the Eq. ( 5.12 ) . The cost of one battery bank is multiplied by the entire figure of batteries to cipher the coat of battery bank. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.022.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.023.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.024.png"/ The cost of one battery of bank is a‚? 13000 as reported by SECO [ 6 ] and besides reported in website [ 13 ] . Cost of convertor The cost of convertor can be calculated by below Eq. ( 5.13 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.025.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.026.png"/ The cost of convertor determined by Eq. ( 13 ) is a‚? 178479824. Capital investing cost of air current energy system ( CO) The capital cost of air current power system includes the construction cost and the cost of land used for the system. In the present survey the land required for puting air current turbines and batteries is 5000 pess2. Cost of land in the proposed small town Umrikheda is 555.5 Rs/feet2. So, the entire monetary value of land is a‚? . 2,800,000 approximate. The capital investing cost of the air current system is calculated by below Eq. ( 5.14 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.027.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.028.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.029.png"/ The balance of system or construction cost is about 20 % of the entire air current system constituent cost which is widely assumed all over the universe as reported by SECO [ 6 ] Besides, assume that cost of securing the land for the air current energy system is 20 % of the entire air current system component cost. Based on these premises, the capital cost ( CO) for the air current system is determined utilizing above combining weight. ( 5.14 ) . Operating and care cost of the system The operating and care cost for the proposed system is 2 % of the capital cost of the system. The computation of the operating and care cost is as given by Eq. ( 5.15 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.030.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.031.png"/ The operating and care cost of is added to the capital investing cost of the system to happen out the modified cost of the system. So, the modified capital investing cost of the system is a‚? 10,734,233.24 with the usage of Eq’s. ( 5.14 ) and ( 5.15 ) . LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS FOR WT SYSTEM Replacement cost of battery bank system In the present Wind energy system the life of air current turbine and the battery is considered as 30 old ages and 5 ears severally and the life rhythm cost analysis is based on the life clip of both the turbine and the battery. The subsidised involvement rate usually offered by authorities sectors in India to advance the usage of renewable energy applications is 4 % . So, we have taken the rate of involvement is 4 % for our system. In India the old batteries are replaced on the discount of 7 % on entire cost of battery. With the premise of unvarying replacing of battery throughout the life of the system the replacing cost of battery bank after 5 old ages is calculated by Eq. ( 5.16 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.032.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.033.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.034.png"/ In the present system the replacing cost of batteries is obtained as a‚? 2611440. Present Battery bank cost The present cost of battery bank for future investings at every five old ages interval can be determined by combining weight. ( 5.17 ) as follows: img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.035.png"/ ( 5.17 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.036.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.037.png"/ The present battery bank cost is obtained as a‚? 7547648.06 with 4 % involvement rate. 4 % is the subsidised involvement rate usually offered by authorities sectors in India to advance the usage of renewable energy applications. In this life rhythm cost analysis the salvage value ( S ) of WT system at the terminal of 30 old ages life was assumed equal to the present cost of balance of system since the depreciation of balance of system was considered tantamount to the rate of escalation in the monetary value of structural steel per kilogram. Present Salvage value of WT system The present salvage value of the system can be calculated by Eq. ( 5.18 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.038.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.039.png"/ Net Present cost of WT system Net present cost of WT system ( CInternet) is determined as summing up of capital investing ( CO) , all other cost constituents converted into present cost and subtracted by present salvage value. The net present cost of PV system was determined utilizing Eq. ( 5.19 ) as follows: img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.040.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.041.png"/ Annualized Lifecycle Cost of WT system The annualized life rhythm cost of WT power system over the 30 old ages lifetime is expressed mathematically utilizing Eq. ( 5.20 ) [ 14 ] as follows img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.042.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.043.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.044.png"/ Capacity use factor ( CUF ) The capacity use factor can be calculated by the undermentioned Eq. ( 5.21 ) . The CUF is calculated to ease the unit cost of electricity. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.045.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.046.png"/ The CUF is obtained by the above Eq. which is basically a step of electrical energy generated per KW of installed capacity per twelvemonth. Capital recovery factor ( CRF ) The below Eq. ( 5.22 ) shows the look of capital recovery factor. It is used to find the sum of each hereafter rente payment required to roll up a given present value for known values of involvement rates and figure of payments. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.047.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.048.png"/ 4 % is the subsidised involvement rate usually offered by authorities sectors in India to advance the usage of renewable energy applications. Unit of measurement cost of electricity ( UCE ) Using the capacity use factor the unit cost of electricity can be calculated by below Eq. ( 5.23 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.049.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.050.png"/ Where COis the capital cost, m is the fraction of capital cost used on operation and care of the system and P is the capacity of the air current power coevals system. Payback period The EPBT signifies clip period required by energy output for counterbalancing the energy investings on the Stand Alone Wind Turbine power works. The energy payback clip for the bing SAWT system installed on steel construction over the land surface can be calculated based on the below Eq. ( 5.24 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.051.png"/ The payback period for the proposed Wind Turbine system is calculated as 14.43 old ages with a‚? 9 Per unit cost of the system running for 30 old ages. Carbon monoxide2EMISSION MITIGATION AND CARBON CREDIT POTENTIAL FROM PROPOSED SAWT SYSTEM The C recognition potency of Wind power system is determined on the footing of entire sum of CO2emanations extenuation from the system in its life clip. The Co2emanation and C recognition potency are given by the below expression. Co2emanation mitigated from WT system Conversion of Energy through Wind Turbine ( WT ) system is one of the more dependable and environmental friendly renewable energy engineerings which have the possible to lend significantly in the development of sustainable energy systems for coevals of power. It besides plays an of import function in CO2emanations extenuation. To cipher the entire CO2emanations mitigated from the present SAPV power system a mathematical calculation is carried out. The mean strength of CO2emanation from coal thermic power works in India is 1.57 kg/kWh [ 1, 16 ] . The entire extenuation of CO2emanations from the bing SAWT system for 30 old ages life can be calculated utilizing Eq. ( 5.25 ) as follows: img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.052.png"/ ( 5.25 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.053.png"/ A air current turbine power system does non disperse immense sum of heat energy into the environing environment and saves a big sum of CO2emanations. Hence, WT systems are eco friendly systems and a good option for power coevals and must be preferred where electricity is non available or grid power is costlier. Carbon Credit potency of proposed WT system The entire sum of C recognition earned by proposed Wind Turbine power system can be calculated by the undermentioned Eq. ( 5.26 ) as follows. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.054.png"/ ( 5.26 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.055.png"/ The factor considered in Eq. ( 5.26 ) is a‚? 1760/ton of CO2extenuation represents the pecuniary value of one C recognition for extenuation of 1 ton of CO2emanation [ 18 ] . Consequence of C recognition potency The CO2emanation extenuation from the bing power system is estimated as 88.31 tons/year from Eq. ( 5.25 ) for n peers to 1 twelvemonth. The entire CO2emanation mitigated by bing PV system in 30 old ages life clip is estimated utilizing Eq. ( 5.25 ) as 2649.375 dozenss. The C recognition from the bing WT system is obtained utilizing Eq’s. ( 5.25 ) and ( 5.26 ) . The C recognition affects the unit cost of electricity produced from non-polluting WT power system. Consequence The life rhythm cost analysis is carried out for the presented standalone Wind Turbine power system and the cardinal consequences obtained are listed in Table 5.4. The unit electricity cost utilizing Wind Turbine systems were estimated as a‚? 9/kWh for the involvement rate of 4 % , 30 old ages life of WT system and 5 old ages life of battery bank. Table 5.2: Consequences of WT power system S.No. Component Cost ( a‚? ) 1 Wind Turbine 1,377,000 2 Battery bank 2,808,000 4 Converter 1,784,798.4 5 Capital investing 10,734,233.24 6 Battery replacing 2,611,440 7 Salvage value 3,313,034.95 8 Net nowadays value 14,968,882.35 9 10 11 Unit of measurement cost of electricity Carbon monoxide2emanation mitigated Carbon recognition earned 9/kWh 2649375 dozenss or 88.31 tons/yr a‚? 4519833.75 or a‚? 150661.125/yr The energy consumed by the burden per twelvemonth was determined as 56250 kWh/year and matching CO2 emanation mitigated is estimated as 88.31 tons/year. The entire CO2 emanation mitigated by bing PV system in 30 old ages life clip was estimated utilizing Eq. ( 5.25 ) as 2649.375 dozenss. How to cite Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine System, Essay examples

St. MaryS Catholic Church Vs. St. PeterS Catholic Church Essays

St. Mary'S Catholic Church Vs. St. Peter'S Catholic Church St. Marys Catholic Church vs. St. Peters Catholic Church Who would think that two Catholic churches would be so different from one another? I attend two churches of the same religion; it is a very diverse experience at each one. I am a member of St. Marys Bryantown Catholic Church, but I also attend St. Peters Catholic Church. I attend both churches because there are features at both that I like and at times one is more convenient. However, there is also one feature that I do not like about St. Marys Bryantown Catholic Church. St. Marys Bryantown Catholic Church is medium size. The churchs capacity is approximately five hundred and fifty people. Each pew fits about ten people. On each side of the main aisle are twenty rows of pews, and on the two sides are four rows. In the balcony area is six rows of pews. The size of the church also adds to its pleasing look. The old-fashioned architectural design of St. Marys is appealing to me. The light brown brick building with the crucifix placed atop the roof is an eye-catching site from the road. The inside of the church is incredibly stunning. It is always decorated with flowers and banners that depict religious themes. The atmosphere at St. Marys is exceptionally serene. The stained glass windows, which portray religious symbols, help create the peaceful feeling. The smell of incense makes the church spiritually comforting. Despite the fact that the church is beautiful, a drawback of the church is the length of the mass, which is exceptionally long. At St. Marys the four oclock mass on Saturday is generally an hour and a half long. The priest at St. Marys makes the mass longer by repeating himself continually during the homily, which makes it difficult for people to understand the point he is trying to make. Because of the length of the four oclock mass at St. Marys, many people choose to go to the shorter mass at St. Peters Catholic Church. The five oclock mass on Saturday at St. Peters Catholic Church is generally forty-five minutes long. The officiating priest of the Saturday mass makes his homily comprehensible to all. The homily reflects on the readings, but the priest also tells stories that people can relate to. Because of the size of St. Peters, it allows many people from St. Marys to attend the Saturday mass. St. Peters Catholic Church is one of the largest catholic churches in the Southern Maryland area. St. Peters capacity is approximately one thousand people. On each side of the main aisle are about forty rows of pews, and on the sides there are about ten rows. St. Peters large appearance also has a striking look. The exterior of St. Peters Church is more modern than that of St. Marys. The recently laid brick is much darker than that of St. Marys, and the crucifixes are placed on the front of the churchs exterior wall. The inside of the church is gorgeous, but rarely does it contain flowers or other decorative items. Because of the many people that attend St. Peters, the atmosphere is not as serene as it is at St. Marys. People move around, cough, and babies cry, but it still provides the same spiritually-comforting feeling. In conclusion, because of the physical environment and size of the congregation, attending two catholic churches can be a very different experience that one would not expect. One might think that all Catholic churches would be alike, but the different aspects of these two churches set them apart from one another. Even though both churches meet the spiritual needs of their parishioners, I prefer St. Marys Bryantown Catholic Church because of its old-fashioned appearance and atmosphere. Religion Essays