Battles fought by Ancient Greeks and their neighbors Essay

Fights battled by Ancient Greeks and their neighbors - Essay Example The all out weight of a hoplite's hardware and protective layer was 50-60 pounds. For the most part, just the well off and upper-white collar class filled in as hoplites because of the significant expenses of the hardware. From the outset, the lances were around seven feet in length, and the development was around six to seven positions profound. In battle the phalanx would move towards the foe as one, framing a thick mass of lances. At the point when two phalanxes battled, one would endeavor to either break the development of the other or at times push the troopers in the contradicting phalanx over. Inevitably some further developed strategies were grown, for example, unexpected assaults on a specific point in a phalanx. The phalanx was a solid development that had high stun power and could safeguard against charging substantial mounted force. Be that as it may, the arrangement was additionally moderate, and it should have been set up before fight. Light infantry was likewise utilized regularly by Greek city-states. Kinds of light infantry included peltasts, or lance hurlers; toxophilite; and slingers. Peltasts were the most well-known kind of light infantry. They battled with blades and spears, and they wore just light defensive layer and shields. Toxophilite conveyed a bow and bolt, and slingers conveyed a sling that could be utilized to fling little stones or lead slugs at an adversary. The gear conveyed by the light infantry was less expensive than that conveyed by the hoplites, and numerous less fortunate residents battled as light infantry. While light infantry couldn't withstand a charge of substantial infantry on the off chance that it was caught, it was increasingly portable, and could wear out the adversary from a far distance. Rangers was additionally at times utilized by the Ancient Greeks. Initially light mounted force that tossed lances was utilized, however the Macedonians built up a sort of substantial rangers k nown as The Companion Cavalry. These cavalrymen conveyed nine to twelve foot spears and wore overwhelming covering. Light mounted force was utilized for observation and badgering, and the allies were utilized to make a conclusive charge that would overwhelm a foe power and win the fight. Old Greek maritime powers utilized a kind of warship called the trireme. This boat was impelled by three columns of paddles. The rowers were slaves in numerous states, and poor residents in Athens. Triremes conveyed marines for boarding an adversary transport, toxophilite, a battering ram and some little ballistae and slings. One regular strategy that was utilized was smashing, which is the place a boat would accelerate and attempt to crash into another boat with its battering ram so an opening would be broken in the other boat. The other significant strategies were boarding and a strategy where a boat would brush against another to attempt to break the paddles in the other boat. The primary significant fights that the Greeks battled against rivals from outside Greece were in the Persian Wars. These wars kept going from 499 BC to 448 BC. The Persians utilized unexpected strategies in comparison to the Greeks. Persian powers were for the most part comprised of light infantry that pre-owned bows, lances, and blades. Persian infantry had just light protective layer and wicker shields. Persian strategies included the utilization of a lot of bows and arrows. Generally, just the front positions of the Persian infantry would participate in skirmish battle, while different positions gave the foe bolts. The Immortals were a tip top unit that comprised of simply the best warriors. Just Medians, Elamites, or Persians could serve in this unit. The Immortals consistently kept their quality at 10,000 men, and they filled in as the

Sx wk2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sx wk2 - Essay Example This is the place Freud proposes that youngsters start to shape an appreciation for their inverse sexed parent. In the fourth stage, called the idleness stage, the kid has lethargic sexual emotions as opposed to following up on them (six years of age to adolescence). At last in the fifth stage, the kid is starting to show enthusiasm for their privates and they will be they are starting to begin sexual action or possibly discussing it (adolescence and up). (Feist and Rosenberg, 2010, p. 505). Freud accepted that sexuality was a characteristic encounter for an individual. He accepted that there was nothing amiss with homosexuality and it was not in any manner neurotic. He said that every single individual are characteristically indiscriminate (Bohan, 1996, p. 76). Fundamentally he felt that heterosexuality and homosexuality were common outgrowths of human sexuality. He likewise considered it a formative contortion (Bohan, p. 76). Freud believed that youngsters decided their sexuality when they were more youthful and it would rely upon the relationship that the kid had with their folks. He accepted that both heterosexuality and homosexuality came structure a maiming complex when a kid discovered that his mom was not quite the same as he was on the grounds that she didn't have a penis; a kid could likewise have issues splitting endlessly from a mother who was tyrannical (Faqs.org). He additionally observed that young men and young ladies had their first attractions to individuals of the other gender when they wound up pulled in to their other gender parent. He expressed that young men would build up an Oedipus Complex and young ladies would build up an Electra Complex. He accepted that regardless of what the sexuality, it was a solid outgrowth of improvement. Freud was an exceptionally intriguing man and it is realized that he concentrated generally the individuals who were in mental establishments where he worked. This is the reason numerous scientists reprimand his work. Do you imagine that contemplating the intellectually not well polluted his outcomes? Would you imagine that the

Taking Xanax and Klonopin Together

Taking Xanax and Klonopin Together Depression Treatment Medication Print Taking Xanax and Klonopin Together: What Are the Adverse Effects? By Michael Bihari, MD Michael Bihari, MD, is a board-certified pediatrician, health educator, and medical writer, and president emeritus of the Community Health Center of Cape Cod. Learn about our editorial policy Michael Bihari, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Getty Images More in Depression Treatment Medication Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Types Childhood Depression Suicide Are you wondering whether its a good idea to take both Xanax (alprazolam) and Klonopin (clonazepam)  for anxiety and panic attacks? You might be concerned about what potential side effects there might be when you take both drugs together. Learn more about the pros and cons so you know what to discuss with your doctor.   Possible Side Effects Xanax and Klonopin belong to a  class  (or type) of medications known as benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat anxiety and help many people who have a panic disorder. Both of these medications can cause undesirable side effects in some people, including daytime drowsiness, a hungover feeling, mood changes, and allergic reactions.?? Also, these drugs can become less effective over time, and some people increase the dose to help relieve anxiety. However, such increases in the dosage can lead to dependence and make it difficult to decrease the medication or stop it.?? Since Xanax and Klonopin belong to the same drug class and are similar medications, they have similar adverse effects. Taking both of them at the same time may make it more likely that you will experience an adverse effect.?? How Long to Take Each Drug You may want to speak with your physician about how long you will be on Xanax and Klonopin and if it will be necessary for you to continue to take both medications. Xanax stays in your body for less time than Klonopin. If you start by taking Xanax alone, your physician may start the Klonopin to help you better control your anxiety and panic attacks. If it helps, your physician may recommend that you decrease the dosage of your Xanax and wean yourself off it. Drug Interactions You also need to be aware that both Xanax and Klonopin interact with many other medications. It is important that you tell your physician and your pharmacist about all medications that you are using. This includes prescription drugs,  over-the-counter drugs, and even supplements such as vitamins and herbal remedies. Both medications also interact with grapefruit juice, which may increase the amount of the medication that gets into your body. Drinking grapefruit juice could increase your risk of adverse effects, so avoid that beverage completely to be safe. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Anxiety and panic attacks can be symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a condition that is common among veterans who return from Iraq and Afghanistan. If you are concerned that you may have PTSD, please speak with your physician to make sure that you get properly diagnosed and receive access to appropriate services. For instance, your doctor may recommend that you receive another treatment such as psychological  therapy in addition to taking any medication(s). Also be aware that people who suffer from anxiety and people who have PTSD are more likely than the general population to abuse substances,?? so keep a close eye on your intake of alcohol and recreational drugs because you might need to seek out separate treatment for that.

French Audio Resources for Speaking and Listening

Play in childhood - 1379 Words

Play What is play? Play is defined as engaging in activates for enjoyment recreation rather than a serious practical purpose. Playing is a disorganized voluntary spontaneous activity, which may include objects, one’s body, symbol usage, and relationships. Play is flexible, individualize, grouped, motivating, self-directed, open-ended, or self-directed. (Smith, 2013) (Saskatchewan Ministry of Education, 2010) While playing, children are gaining creative skills for creative development, which enhances the ability of creativity, learning techniques, and academic success. The most important development is cognitive. This development is vital for school success. Cognitive development enables a child to solve problems,†¦show more content†¦Sensorimotor play, also know as functional play, involves repetitive use of reflexes, such as, swinging, sliding, or playing on the merry-go-round This type of play can be observed on playgrounds. Dramatic play is a type of symbolic play in which a child acts out an individual. When others engage in the acting, it becomes sociodramatic play. Games with rules allow children to build social skills. (Playground Professionals LLC, 2013) Importance of play Why is play important? Erik Erikson third stage of psychosocial development, â€Å"initiative versus guilt† emerges around 3-6 years of age. During this aggressive stage, children start to take on life and exploring themselves. If a child has too much guilt in this stage, it can hinder the child and slow down their social and creativity skills. Parents are to encourage the child, but give guilt as well to establish their self-control and conscience. (McLeod, 2013) Play is essential in child development, because skills such as language, physical, emotional, social, literacy, creative, and cognitive are developed. A variety of play, activities, and toys, require different words to describe the play that is occurring, enhancing language development. Language development is important in communication, language forms functions, intentional verbal interactions (asking and answering questions), and playing with language (i.e., rhymes, jokes, riddles).Show MoreRelatedImportance of Play in Early Childhood1586 Words   |  7 PagesPlay is an important part of children’s life that keeps them healthy both physically and mentally. It is a way through which children explore their imagination, build various skills required for their development in different areas. In this essay, importance of play in children’s learning and development is discussed in relation to Piaget’s cognitive theory, Vygotsky socio-cultural theory and Te Whaariki. Moreover, the teacher’s role and strategies used in encouraging the play-based curriculum inRead MoreGender Play - Childhood Influences2586 Words   |  11 PagesChildhood is simply the time between infancy and adulthood, the time when we are developing, learning and are dependent on someone to guide us and help us through life. Richard Mills’ (2000, p.8) research shows many views, such as is â€Å"childhood a state of powerlessness and adaptation to a lack of power (as Waksler maintains, 1991:69)?† â€Å"...Or dependency (Shipman, 1972: 13)? Can it not simply be regarded as a period of biological, intellectual, and social development; as a time for the ‘accumulationRead MoreEarly Childhood Play Observation Paper1567 Words   |  7 PagesKaushiga Selvamanickam ECE: 101 INTRODUCTION TO EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION PLAY OBSERVATIOIN PAPER The School I Selected For the Play Observation Is QUINSIGAMOND CHILDREN’S SCHOOL AN EARLY EDUCATION AND CHILDCARE PROGRAM. This school is a licensed childcare program and NAEYC accelerated. The center is providing child care program for children age from 2.9 to 5 years old. There is 2 preschool classroom, I did my observation in preschool classroom room no: 1 on 10/2/2017 time from 9am to 10am. ThereRead MorePlay: An Effective Component of Childhood Development2016 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿The notion of play could be perceived to encompass any form of ludic activity and is a crucial element pertaining to early childhood years. It is an acknowledged fact that, if presented with the choice, both children and adults would like to play. However, the assumption originally launched by Piaget still endures, namely that play is indicative of immature functioning, a developmental stage that children go through, and that if this is successfully transcended they will then be ready for formalRead MoreRole Of Play On Early Childhood Education2754 Words   |  12 Pages Role of Play on Early Childhood Education Bharati Saha Early Childhood Education Department, University of Oklahoma This paper is submitted for the EDEC 5970 – Social Emotion in Early Childhood as part of the course requirement. Abstract Early childhood development occurs in six domains. This paper discusses the role of play and its effects on these domains in children learning. Different types play and play centers were discussed to show connectivity of the play type and domainRead MoreThe Psychology of Play During Childhood Essay3221 Words   |  13 Pages Play is the business of childhood, allowing your child free rein to experiment with the world around him and the emotional world inside him, says Linda Acredolo, professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis and co-author of Baby Signs: How to Talk With Your Baby Before Your Baby Can Talk and Baby Minds: Brain-Building Games Your Baby Will Love. While it may look like mere childs play to you, theres a lot of work — problem solving, skill building, overcoming Read MoreGender Differences Of Childhood Play Behavior3366 Words   |  14 PagesGender Differences in Childhood Play Behavior To the general population, a child’s playmate is not considered as having much importance. Many people tend to look at a child’s playmate as insignificant because they believe that children do not care who they play with and it is of random chance that children interact with either same or cross-sex. However, in actuality, a child’s playmate is very important because one of the many goals of infancy and toddlerhood is to enable children to express theirRead MoreThe Importance Of Play For Early Childhood Education Programs1699 Words   |  7 PagesGDTCS 101 PLAY AND PEDAGOGY GDTCS 101 PLAY AND PEDAGOGY GDTCS 101 PLAY AND PEDAGOGY Assessment 2 Respond to scenarios that examine?the relevance of the main discourses of play for early childhood education programs This essay introduces the definition of play, its importance in early years. It also makes us understand the different contributions made by theorists in enhancing our understanding the value of play. It also examines the implications of play on children and early childhood servicesRead MoreIn Early Childhood, Play Diverges, Contingent On An Immense1351 Words   |  6 PagesIn early childhood, play diverges, contingent on an immense amount of intricacies and has been predisposed through the years by numerous theories in early childhood development. Consideration needs to be taken as to if play is free and simple or not. Over the years there has been a multitude of different theories about the purpose of a child’s play. The first theories of play were developed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries with four main theories that involved the perception of how andRead More Childhood Play Behavior and Cognitive Development Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pages Childhood play behavior is an important part of every child’s life. Starting in infancy, children begin to explore their world through play. This behavior can serve as an indicator of the child’s cognitive and social development. The research on play and development is a key to helping caregivers understand the importance of childhood play. This paper will focus on the psychological aspects of childhood play behavior and its relation to cognitive development. According to the

Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine System Free Essays

Chapter 5 Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine System STANDALONE WIND ENERGY SYSTEM Size OF WIND SYSTEM COMPONENTS The sizing methodological analysis adopted for the bing Wind power system for the small town Umrikheda is explained consistently as follows: Calculation of electric burden The burden of small town Umrikheda 150 kWh/day can be operated by the proposed base entirely weave energy system. The elaborate size methodological analysis adopted for day-to-day electrical burden of the distant small town Umrikheda which is operated by the present WIND system is given in below Table 5.1. We will write a custom essay sample on Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Table 5.1: Electrical burden of small town Umrikheda S. No. Energy ingestion ( Wh/day ) 1 Families 98,500 2 Street illuming 15,800 3 School 26,500 4 Others 9200 Entire 150 kWh/day The entire day-to-day electric burden of the small townimg alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.001.png"/ The designed burden for the air current energy system must be higher than the entire electrical burden of the location because at the clip of operation burden fluctuations and power losingss are occurs in the air current turbine system. The designed burden for the air current turbine systemimg alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.002.png"/ From equation ( 5.2 ) the day-to-day electrical ingestion for planing of air current turbine energy system is obtained as 225 kWh/day. The factor 1.5 is known as Fudge factor. This accounts for efficiency losingss, wiring and interconnectedness losingss and besides the battery charging and discharging losingss in the WES constituents. size of air current turbine The selected air current turbine must fit the air current features at the site and it should bring forth optimal energy with a high capacity factor ( CF ) to run into the electrical energy demand. The Turbine size is determined utilizing Eq. ( 5.4 ) . Based on the power equation of air current turbine the diameter of turbine is considered 18 m so that the swept country of the air current turbine for the bing power system is obtained with the usage of diameter. The power equation for air and turbine are given as follows. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.003.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.004.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.005.png"/ Where ? is the air denseness and its value is 1.225, CPhosphorusis power coefficient with changeless value 0.59, A is the swept country of the selected air current turbine and V is the mean hourly air current velocity of the location which is 4.5 m/sec. based on Eq. ( 5.4 ) the power of one air current turbine is obtained as 8.38 kilowatt. The entire figure of wind turbine required to carry through the load demand of the location is 27 turbines each of 8.38 kilowatt capacities. Sizing of battery bank The battery bank size in kW hr can be determined by the Eq. ( 5.5 ) . For bettering life of battery and for back-to-back cloudy yearss the figure of autonomy yearss is considered as 3 yearss in the proposed air current power system. The deep cycling will be occasional during nebulose yearss and therefore better the battery life. The three yearss of liberty was used by zero energy visitants centre ( ZEVC ) located at the Van Ness Campus of University of the District of Columbia as reported in 2006 by the Center of Excellence for Renewable Energy ( CERE ) [ 7 ] . Battery bank Size img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.006.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.007.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.008.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.009.png"/ Here the figure of autonomy yearss is considered 3 yearss and the maximal deepness of discharge for the battery bank is taken 75 % . The size of battery bank is 900 kWh calculated by Eq. ( 5.5 ) . Capacity of battery bank The capacity of the battery bank in ampere-hours can be evaluated by spliting the safe energy storage required by the DC electromotive force of one battery as shown in Eq. ( 5.6 ) . In the bing system we have chosen the evaluation of battery is 12 V and 350 Ah. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.010.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.011.png"/ Harmonizing to the obtained capacity of the battery bank from Eq. ( 5.6 ) , another determination has to be made sing the capacity of each of the batteries of that bank. The battery bank is composed of batteries that are connected in series and in parallel harmonizing to the selected battery electromotive force evaluation and the system demands. Number of batteries The entire figure of batteries is obtained by spliting the capacity C of the battery bank in ampere-hours by the capacity of one of the battery selected in ampere-hours which is calculated by Eq. ( 5.7 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.012.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.013.png"/ The figure of batteries required for the system is obtained from the Eq. ( 5.7 ) is 214.28 which is rounded to 216 batteries. The connexion of batteries can easy be figured out by happening out the figure of series and parallel affiliated batteries. With system DC-voltage of 48 V, the figure of batteries connected in series is obtained by Eq. ( 5.8 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.014.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.015.png"/ The figure of series connected batteries is determined by Eq. ( 5.8 ) which is 4. With the usage of this value we can cipher the batteries connected in analogue or the figure of strings by Eq. ( 5.9 ) which is as follows. No. of strings ( batteries connected in analogue ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.016.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.017.png"/ The figure of parallel strings of four series connected batteries is determined by Eq. ( 5.9 ) . The entire figure of batteries is 216 which can be arranged in 54 parallel strings and each of the twine consists of 4 series connected batteries. The Ah capacity of battery bank gets added when batteries are connected in analogue and remains same when batteries are connected in series. Converter sizing The convertor size is chosen as it fulfills the burden demand when the system is non runing. The dc electromotive force of the bing system is 48 V so the convertor must be chosen which takes the Ac end product from the air current turbine and change over it into 48 V District of Columbia. The evaluation of convertor should ne’er be lower than the system evaluation, it is ever 10 % higher than the system evaluation. The size of convertor for the present system can be calculated by Eq. ( 5.10 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.018.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.019.png"/ The mean power of the contraptions that may run at the same time at the same clip is taken as 40 kilowatt. So the needed convertor must be capable of managing 40 kilowatt. Cost OF SYSTEM COMPONENTS Cost of turbine Turbine is dwelling of four chief constituents as Blades, Hub, nose cone and tower. The cost of all these constituents is sums up for finding the entire cost of air current turbine. The below look shows the entire cost of turbine as follows. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.020.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.021.png"/ In the present survey we have used WES 5 Tulipo type air current turbine. The cost of one air current turbine is a‚? 51000 and the entire cost of air current turbine is obtained as a‚? 1,377,000. Cost of battery bank The cost of battery bank can be calculated on the footing of existent size of the battery bank. Cost of battery bank can be calculated by the Eq. ( 5.12 ) . The cost of one battery bank is multiplied by the entire figure of batteries to cipher the coat of battery bank. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.022.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.023.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.024.png"/ The cost of one battery of bank is a‚? 13000 as reported by SECO [ 6 ] and besides reported in website [ 13 ] . Cost of convertor The cost of convertor can be calculated by below Eq. ( 5.13 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.025.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.026.png"/ The cost of convertor determined by Eq. ( 13 ) is a‚? 178479824. Capital investing cost of air current energy system ( CO) The capital cost of air current power system includes the construction cost and the cost of land used for the system. In the present survey the land required for puting air current turbines and batteries is 5000 pess2. Cost of land in the proposed small town Umrikheda is 555.5 Rs/feet2. So, the entire monetary value of land is a‚? . 2,800,000 approximate. The capital investing cost of the air current system is calculated by below Eq. ( 5.14 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.027.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.028.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.029.png"/ The balance of system or construction cost is about 20 % of the entire air current system constituent cost which is widely assumed all over the universe as reported by SECO [ 6 ] Besides, assume that cost of securing the land for the air current energy system is 20 % of the entire air current system component cost. Based on these premises, the capital cost ( CO) for the air current system is determined utilizing above combining weight. ( 5.14 ) . Operating and care cost of the system The operating and care cost for the proposed system is 2 % of the capital cost of the system. The computation of the operating and care cost is as given by Eq. ( 5.15 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.030.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.031.png"/ The operating and care cost of is added to the capital investing cost of the system to happen out the modified cost of the system. So, the modified capital investing cost of the system is a‚? 10,734,233.24 with the usage of Eq’s. ( 5.14 ) and ( 5.15 ) . LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS FOR WT SYSTEM Replacement cost of battery bank system In the present Wind energy system the life of air current turbine and the battery is considered as 30 old ages and 5 ears severally and the life rhythm cost analysis is based on the life clip of both the turbine and the battery. The subsidised involvement rate usually offered by authorities sectors in India to advance the usage of renewable energy applications is 4 % . So, we have taken the rate of involvement is 4 % for our system. In India the old batteries are replaced on the discount of 7 % on entire cost of battery. With the premise of unvarying replacing of battery throughout the life of the system the replacing cost of battery bank after 5 old ages is calculated by Eq. ( 5.16 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.032.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.033.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.034.png"/ In the present system the replacing cost of batteries is obtained as a‚? 2611440. Present Battery bank cost The present cost of battery bank for future investings at every five old ages interval can be determined by combining weight. ( 5.17 ) as follows: img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.035.png"/ ( 5.17 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.036.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.037.png"/ The present battery bank cost is obtained as a‚? 7547648.06 with 4 % involvement rate. 4 % is the subsidised involvement rate usually offered by authorities sectors in India to advance the usage of renewable energy applications. In this life rhythm cost analysis the salvage value ( S ) of WT system at the terminal of 30 old ages life was assumed equal to the present cost of balance of system since the depreciation of balance of system was considered tantamount to the rate of escalation in the monetary value of structural steel per kilogram. Present Salvage value of WT system The present salvage value of the system can be calculated by Eq. ( 5.18 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.038.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.039.png"/ Net Present cost of WT system Net present cost of WT system ( CInternet) is determined as summing up of capital investing ( CO) , all other cost constituents converted into present cost and subtracted by present salvage value. The net present cost of PV system was determined utilizing Eq. ( 5.19 ) as follows: img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.040.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.041.png"/ Annualized Lifecycle Cost of WT system The annualized life rhythm cost of WT power system over the 30 old ages lifetime is expressed mathematically utilizing Eq. ( 5.20 ) [ 14 ] as follows img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.042.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.043.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.044.png"/ Capacity use factor ( CUF ) The capacity use factor can be calculated by the undermentioned Eq. ( 5.21 ) . The CUF is calculated to ease the unit cost of electricity. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.045.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.046.png"/ The CUF is obtained by the above Eq. which is basically a step of electrical energy generated per KW of installed capacity per twelvemonth. Capital recovery factor ( CRF ) The below Eq. ( 5.22 ) shows the look of capital recovery factor. It is used to find the sum of each hereafter rente payment required to roll up a given present value for known values of involvement rates and figure of payments. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.047.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.048.png"/ 4 % is the subsidised involvement rate usually offered by authorities sectors in India to advance the usage of renewable energy applications. Unit of measurement cost of electricity ( UCE ) Using the capacity use factor the unit cost of electricity can be calculated by below Eq. ( 5.23 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.049.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.050.png"/ Where COis the capital cost, m is the fraction of capital cost used on operation and care of the system and P is the capacity of the air current power coevals system. Payback period The EPBT signifies clip period required by energy output for counterbalancing the energy investings on the Stand Alone Wind Turbine power works. The energy payback clip for the bing SAWT system installed on steel construction over the land surface can be calculated based on the below Eq. ( 5.24 ) . img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.051.png"/ The payback period for the proposed Wind Turbine system is calculated as 14.43 old ages with a‚? 9 Per unit cost of the system running for 30 old ages. Carbon monoxide2EMISSION MITIGATION AND CARBON CREDIT POTENTIAL FROM PROPOSED SAWT SYSTEM The C recognition potency of Wind power system is determined on the footing of entire sum of CO2emanations extenuation from the system in its life clip. The Co2emanation and C recognition potency are given by the below expression. Co2emanation mitigated from WT system Conversion of Energy through Wind Turbine ( WT ) system is one of the more dependable and environmental friendly renewable energy engineerings which have the possible to lend significantly in the development of sustainable energy systems for coevals of power. It besides plays an of import function in CO2emanations extenuation. To cipher the entire CO2emanations mitigated from the present SAPV power system a mathematical calculation is carried out. The mean strength of CO2emanation from coal thermic power works in India is 1.57 kg/kWh [ 1, 16 ] . The entire extenuation of CO2emanations from the bing SAWT system for 30 old ages life can be calculated utilizing Eq. ( 5.25 ) as follows: img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.052.png"/ ( 5.25 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.053.png"/ A air current turbine power system does non disperse immense sum of heat energy into the environing environment and saves a big sum of CO2emanations. Hence, WT systems are eco friendly systems and a good option for power coevals and must be preferred where electricity is non available or grid power is costlier. Carbon Credit potency of proposed WT system The entire sum of C recognition earned by proposed Wind Turbine power system can be calculated by the undermentioned Eq. ( 5.26 ) as follows. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.054.png"/ ( 5.26 ) img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1500742.055.png"/ The factor considered in Eq. ( 5.26 ) is a‚? 1760/ton of CO2extenuation represents the pecuniary value of one C recognition for extenuation of 1 ton of CO2emanation [ 18 ] . Consequence of C recognition potency The CO2emanation extenuation from the bing power system is estimated as 88.31 tons/year from Eq. ( 5.25 ) for n peers to 1 twelvemonth. The entire CO2emanation mitigated by bing PV system in 30 old ages life clip is estimated utilizing Eq. ( 5.25 ) as 2649.375 dozenss. The C recognition from the bing WT system is obtained utilizing Eq’s. ( 5.25 ) and ( 5.26 ) . The C recognition affects the unit cost of electricity produced from non-polluting WT power system. Consequence The life rhythm cost analysis is carried out for the presented standalone Wind Turbine power system and the cardinal consequences obtained are listed in Table 5.4. The unit electricity cost utilizing Wind Turbine systems were estimated as a‚? 9/kWh for the involvement rate of 4 % , 30 old ages life of WT system and 5 old ages life of battery bank. Table 5.2: Consequences of WT power system S.No. Component Cost ( a‚? ) 1 Wind Turbine 1,377,000 2 Battery bank 2,808,000 4 Converter 1,784,798.4 5 Capital investing 10,734,233.24 6 Battery replacing 2,611,440 7 Salvage value 3,313,034.95 8 Net nowadays value 14,968,882.35 9 10 11 Unit of measurement cost of electricity Carbon monoxide2emanation mitigated Carbon recognition earned 9/kWh 2649375 dozenss or 88.31 tons/yr a‚? 4519833.75 or a‚? 150661.125/yr The energy consumed by the burden per twelvemonth was determined as 56250 kWh/year and matching CO2 emanation mitigated is estimated as 88.31 tons/year. The entire CO2 emanation mitigated by bing PV system in 30 old ages life clip was estimated utilizing Eq. ( 5.25 ) as 2649.375 dozenss. How to cite Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbine System, Essay examples

St. MaryS Catholic Church Vs. St. PeterS Catholic Church Essays

St. Mary'S Catholic Church Vs. St. Peter'S Catholic Church St. Marys Catholic Church vs. St. Peters Catholic Church Who would think that two Catholic churches would be so different from one another? I attend two churches of the same religion; it is a very diverse experience at each one. I am a member of St. Marys Bryantown Catholic Church, but I also attend St. Peters Catholic Church. I attend both churches because there are features at both that I like and at times one is more convenient. However, there is also one feature that I do not like about St. Marys Bryantown Catholic Church. St. Marys Bryantown Catholic Church is medium size. The churchs capacity is approximately five hundred and fifty people. Each pew fits about ten people. On each side of the main aisle are twenty rows of pews, and on the two sides are four rows. In the balcony area is six rows of pews. The size of the church also adds to its pleasing look. The old-fashioned architectural design of St. Marys is appealing to me. The light brown brick building with the crucifix placed atop the roof is an eye-catching site from the road. The inside of the church is incredibly stunning. It is always decorated with flowers and banners that depict religious themes. The atmosphere at St. Marys is exceptionally serene. The stained glass windows, which portray religious symbols, help create the peaceful feeling. The smell of incense makes the church spiritually comforting. Despite the fact that the church is beautiful, a drawback of the church is the length of the mass, which is exceptionally long. At St. Marys the four oclock mass on Saturday is generally an hour and a half long. The priest at St. Marys makes the mass longer by repeating himself continually during the homily, which makes it difficult for people to understand the point he is trying to make. Because of the length of the four oclock mass at St. Marys, many people choose to go to the shorter mass at St. Peters Catholic Church. The five oclock mass on Saturday at St. Peters Catholic Church is generally forty-five minutes long. The officiating priest of the Saturday mass makes his homily comprehensible to all. The homily reflects on the readings, but the priest also tells stories that people can relate to. Because of the size of St. Peters, it allows many people from St. Marys to attend the Saturday mass. St. Peters Catholic Church is one of the largest catholic churches in the Southern Maryland area. St. Peters capacity is approximately one thousand people. On each side of the main aisle are about forty rows of pews, and on the sides there are about ten rows. St. Peters large appearance also has a striking look. The exterior of St. Peters Church is more modern than that of St. Marys. The recently laid brick is much darker than that of St. Marys, and the crucifixes are placed on the front of the churchs exterior wall. The inside of the church is gorgeous, but rarely does it contain flowers or other decorative items. Because of the many people that attend St. Peters, the atmosphere is not as serene as it is at St. Marys. People move around, cough, and babies cry, but it still provides the same spiritually-comforting feeling. In conclusion, because of the physical environment and size of the congregation, attending two catholic churches can be a very different experience that one would not expect. One might think that all Catholic churches would be alike, but the different aspects of these two churches set them apart from one another. Even though both churches meet the spiritual needs of their parishioners, I prefer St. Marys Bryantown Catholic Church because of its old-fashioned appearance and atmosphere. Religion Essays

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Demography - Statistical Study of Human Populations Demography is the statistical study of human populations. It includes the study of the size, structure, and distributions of different populations and changes in them in response to birth, migration, aging, and death. It also includes the analysis of the relationships between economic, social, cultural, and biological process influencing a population. The field of sociology draws on huge bodies of data generated by a variety of sources, including the U.S. Census Bureau. Demography is widely used for various purposes and can encompass small, targeted populations or mass populations. Governments use demography for political observations, scientists use demography for research purposes, and businesses use demography for the purpose of advertising. Statistical concepts essential to demography include birth rate, death rate, infant mortality rate, fertility rate, and life expectancy. These concepts can be further broken down into more specific data, such as the ratio of men to women and the life expectancy of each gender. A census helps provide much of this information, in addition to vital statistic records. In some studies, the demography of an area is expanded to include education, income, the structure of the family unit, housing, race or ethnicity, and religion. The information gathered and studied for a demographic overview of a population depends on the party utilizing the information. From the census and vital statistics gathered using a wide variety of sources, sociologists can create a picture of the U.S. population – who we are, how we are changing, and even who we will be in the future.

Talking Styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Talking Styles - Essay Example Besides, two people in a relationship may evince different compatibility between their talking styles at different times, depending on the phase their relationship is going through, the politics involved in the relationships, the levels of stress one or both of them are facing. Relationships to a great extent are about give and take. It is practically not possible that the two people involved in a relationship, whether it is family or friendship happen to be emotionally and mentally on the same plane at any particular time. Mature people do understand that sometimes the people with whom they relate to get so stressed up and negative that they do resort to incompatible and disparate talking styles. Yet, it does not mean that they do not share a strong relationship. Rather it is at such times that the saner partners are required to show tact and presence of mind that sometimes go a long way in distressing and relieving the other partner in that relationship. This is something that is well corroborated by commonsense and general experience. Personally speaking, I believe that the results facilitated by the language style matching website to me (0.8) were not quite accurate (Online Research Consortium from Universities around the World, 2012). I was communicating with a close friend the desire to have dinner with her on a weekday. Considering the fact that she is quiet stressed up on her career side right now and that she had a busy night that day, it was quiet natural to expect a slightly passive response from her. In fact her act of conveying to me her stressed state evinced a closer level of intimacy between us, than predicted by the language style matching scores. In fact I tried to ascertain the veracity of these scores by talking to my friend about this issue after a couple of hours. Whereas the language style matching website indicated that we did not share a strong bond, actually speaking, my friend told me that she was really

Annotated bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Annotated bibliography - Essay Example People in the country deeply respect and value their family backgrounds. The world has become globalized. Enterprises, therefore, have to deal with and interact with business partners from diverse cultures. For this reason, it is important for business persons to understand and respect their clients and partners who are from different cultures as theirs. Intercultural understanding is, therefore, very significant for the success of businesses (Aldinger and Bauernfeind 2). In regard to the role of family in society, the authors of the article note that Egyptian and German societies are quite different, especially pertaining to concept of their cultures and forms of families. The history of social development in Egypt and Germany is also quite different (Aldinger and Bauernfeind 3). For instance, Egypt is historically known to be one of the world’s first regions to record high levels of civilization whereas Germany was still at a Neolithic level of development. The society in Eg ypt is also Islamic whereas the one in Germany mostly subscribes to Christian philosophies. The authors of the article point out that the differences in family and social structures, and living conditions in Egypt and Germany are as a result of the different historical development and the present environmental factors (Aldinger and Bauernfeind 4). The Egyptian society considers the family to be one of the most important institutions. In Egypt, the word family does not only represent persons who are actually related, but is used as an expression of close relationship. The whole Egyptian nation considers itself as one family, signifying their unity and close relationship through their social bindings. In Egypt, the word family is mostly used metaphorically to represent mutual support, social cohesion and solidarity (Aldinger and Bauernfeind 5). Families in Egypt are of different social settings and models. These include rural families in the countryside, traditionally oriented familie s in the city, and modern families in the cities. Rural families in Egypt live in the countryside. Members of such families usually believe in hard physical work, to which all family members participate in (Aldinger and Bauernfeind 6). Many hands are required to achieve all the work required to survive. For this reason, children are also involved in the labor. The surprising fact is that many of us may pity these children, yet, they consider themselves adults and do not mind working. Traditional families in the cities take up almost the same characteristics as rural families. In both types of families, men are responsible for the finances of their families. Modern families in the cities are quite different from the traditional families. Members of these families see themselves as intellectual and sophisticated. Individual family members also embed themselves with close circle of friends. The one factor that remains constant in all the types of families in Egypt is that it is the wom an’s role to cater to housekeeping duties and the man’s role to look for income for the family (Aldinger and Bauernfeind 6). Germans also consider the family to be the most important social institution. Differences in family structures in Egypt and Germany have been brought about by the different living conditions and societal development histories (Aldinger and Ba

History And Organisational Examination Of Nestle Corporation

History And Organisational Examination Of Nestle Corporation Nestle is a multinational company with its worldwide operations in over 84 countries. Nestle is the worlds largest food company with its international headquarters at Vevey, Switzerland. Nestle has almost 500 factories world wide out of which 220 are located in Europe, 150 in America and 130 in Africa, Asia and Oceania. It employs almost 2,30,000 people.   Founder of Nestle was German born Henry Nestle who was living in a small town of Switzerland named Vevey. From a modest beginning he founded the company in 1866 at Switzerland for manufacturing milk powders for babies. Necessity is mother of invention is applicable in the  Ã‚   invention of a special food product Farine Lactee made from Cereals milk to saved the lives of many infants because, at that time Switzerland faced one of the highest infant mortality rate the milk formula act as nectar that saved the lives of many infants whose mothers were un-able to breast feed successfully. Since than Company have always looked forward and have achieved set targets goals.   At present Nestle is the worlds largest food company, with its international head quarters at Vevey, in Switzerland. Nestlà © is often quoted by most as Multinational of Multinationals. There is a good reason, as less than 2% of the turnover comes from domestic market in Switzerland.   Nestlà ©Ã‚  is very much decentralized in its operations most of the markets are given considerable autonomy in its operation. It is more of a people products oriented company rather than systems oriented company. There are unwritten guidelines which are to be followed, based on common senses a strong set of moral principals emphasizing a lot of respect for fellow beings. Nestle has always adapted to the local conditions and at the same time integrates its Swiss heritage. It has always taken a long-term view in the countries in which it operates. Therefore, one can see a lot of investment RD and risk taken in new product areas. There is a great emphasis placed on training by the company. It believes in rewarding and promoting people from within. Today its product brand name Nestle is associated with quality products in worldwide consumer markets. The Nest  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Henry Nestle introduced the first commercial infant formula in 1867, he also created a symbol of the Birds Nest, graphic translation of his name, which personifies the companys business. The symbol, which is universally understood, evokes security, motherhood and affection, nature and nourishment, family and tradition. Today it is the central element of Nestlà ©s corporate identity and closely parallels the companys corporate values and culture. Main point Worlds leading nutrition, health and wellness company. Founded in 1866 in Vevey, Switzerland. It has around 280,000 employees all over the world. It owns 450 factories in 84 countries. Product categories include Soluble Coffee, Infant Nutrition, Bottled Water, Condensed and Evaporated milk, Ice Cream, Chocolate and Malt drinks. VISION Nestlà ©s aim is to meet the various needs of the consumer everyday by marketing and selling foods of a consistently high quality. MISSION We strive to bring consumers foods that are safe, of high quality and provide optimal nutrient to meet physiological needs. Nestle helps provide selections for all individual taste and lifestyle preferences HR at NESTLE NESTLES SPIRIT Making Big Investments in People Believes in building Leaders of Tomorrow CORE VALUE A prerequisite for dealing with people is respect and trust. Transparency and honesty in dealing with people are necessary for efficient communication. This is complemented by open dialogue with the purpose of sharing competencies and boosting creativity. To communicate is not only to inform; it is also to listen and to engage in dialogue. The willingness to cooperate, to help others and to learn is a required basis for advancement and promotion within the company. Human Resource Policies Designed in alignment to the Business Objectives. Incorporates practices like Job Enlargement as well as Job Enrichment. It follows mainly three different policies:- Nestle management leadership principles Nestle human resources policy Nestle people development review Nestlà ©s Culture Commitment to a strong work ethic, integrity, honesty and quality. Personal relations based on trust and mutual respect.. A personalized and direct way of dealing with each other. Openness and curiosity for dynamic and future trends in technology, changes in consumer habits, new business ideas and opportunities, while maintaining respect for basic human values, attitudes and behavior. HR Practices Recruitment Training Performance Management Rewards and Incentives Employee Relations Change Management Training Literacy training- to upgrades essential literacy skills, especially for workers who operate new equipment Local Training Programs- on issues ranging from technical, leadership, and communication and business economics. Performance Management Transparent performance appraisal system It has the following characteristics:- Recruitment Formal assessment by Line Managers and HR once in a year with feedback. Subordinate can question an unfair evaluation. Specific Key Performance Indicators have been enlisted by the HR department. Key performance indicator:-Achievement following the Nestle management and leadership principles. Remuneration structure and promotion criteria take into account individual performance. People with realism, hard work, honesty and trustworthiness are looked for. Match between candidates values companys culture are recruited. Recruitment for management levels take place in the head office by top management and all others at the branch level. The existing employees are promoted to higher posts as per the requirements. There are no lateral recruitments. Another source of recruitment is campus placements and human resource consultancies to look for the enthusiastic, motivated and fresh pool of talent. Decision to hire a candidate is finally taken by HR professionals only and no preference is given to external consultant. This is done to finally have the discretion power in the hands of Company. Employee Relation Employee turnover is less than 5%., which is considered to be very low for a multinational corporation. Nestle has an open culture upward communication especially in case of grievance redressal is encouraged. Work/Life balance is given importance, as illustrated in the Nestle Human Resource Policy document. Nestle Family annual events are organized by their HR department whereby employees along with their families are invited. Emphasis is laid on safety of employees REWARDS INCENTIVES Passion to Win Awards Long-service Awards Nestle Idea Award Talent Management:- To develop the framework and processes which will enable the company to identify and develop the potential of employees at Nestle.   Learning and development:- Continuous Improvement Creativity and Innovation Changing Role of HR Motivate and to develop people. Develop open-mindedness as well as a high level of interest in other cultures and life-styles. create a climate of innovation HR professionals should be able to inculcate the willingness to accept change and the ability to manage it. International experience and understanding of other cultures will prepare the employees to face the challenges in global markets. The aim of the Human Resources Strategy is to support staff. 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MODERN TECHNIQUES AND SOURCES OF RECRUITMENT FOR GLOBAL COMPANIES LIKE NESTLE 1) Walk-In -: The busy global organizations and the rapid changing companies do not find time to perform various functions of recruitment. Therefore they advise the candidates to attend for an interview directly and without a prior application on a specified date, time and at a specified place. 2) Consult-In -: The busy and dynamic global companies encourage the potential job seekers to approach them personally and consult them regarding the jobs. The international companies select the suitable candidates from among such candidates though the selection process. 3) Head-Hunting -: The global companies request the professional organizations to search for the best candidates particularly for the senior executive positions. The professional organizations search for the most suitable candidates and advice the global company regarding the filling up of the positions. 4) Body-Shopping -: Professional organizations and the hi-tech training institutes develop the pool of human resources for possible employment. The prospective employers contact these organizations to recruit the candidates. The body shoppers appoint people for their organization and provide the required/specific employees to various organizations on request. In fact, body shoppers collect fee/commission from the organizations and pay the salary/benefits to the employees. 5) Business Alliance -: It is like acquisitions, mergers, and takeovers help in getting human resources. In addition, the companies do also have alliances in sharing their human resources on ad-hoc basis. 6) Tele-Recruitment -: The technological revolutions in telecommunication helped the organizations to use internet as source of recruitment. Organizations advertise the job vacancies though the World Wide Web internet. The job seekers send their application though e-mails or internet websites. CASE STUDY ON NESTLE: UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES Nestle was one of the biggest purchasers of cocoa from the Ivory Coast, a country in West Africa. Most of the worlds cocoa production came from farms and plantations located in Ivory Coast. Studies conducted by some of the major welfare organizations in the world like the International Labor Organization, UNICEF and other independent agencies revealed that the workers on these plantations lived and worked in poor conditions. They were paid minimal wages and exploited by the land-owners. Most of the workers had been trafficked i.e. bought and sold, making them practically slave labor. Nestle purchased cocoa from these farms despite its awareness of the conditions of the laborers, thus becoming it a party to their exploitation. Child labor was also employed on the plantations. UNICEF studies revealed that over 200,000 children were shipped to Ivory Coast and other cocoa producing countries in Western Africa from neighboring countries like Mali and Burkina Faso, to work on the plantations, especially during the harvesting of cocoa or coffee beans. The children were sometimes as young as nine years and could not escape from the plantations to return to their homes. A report released by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) also confirmed that child labor was used extensively on plantations in Africa, from where Nestle sourced most of its cocoa. The report which surveyed 1,500 farms in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, and Cameroon found that more than 200,000 children worked in hazardous conditions using machetes and spraying pesticides and insecticides without the necessary protective equipment. The labor was usually supplied to the plantations by labor broker, totally unrelated to the laborer. The workers actually received only a very small proportion of the price paid for the Nestle product by the final consumer. Nestle was aware of the exploitative labor practices used by its suppliers and was also in a position to pressurize them to change, as it was a major buyer. Besides the report of several credible organizations, public interest groups also sent several petitions and representations to Nestle to stop buying bonded labor-tainted cocoa. However, the company chose to ignore these petitions, and continued its purchases of cocoa from these suppliers. Nestle was also involved in union busting in some countries. For instance, when a group of 13 workers, working in a sub-contracting facility of Nestle in Thailand, organized themselves to form a union, Nestle immediately cut the number of orders to that company and asked the company to put the unionized workers on indefinite leave with half pay. The workers were forced to quit, because of their lowered pay. In doing so, Nestle had clearly denied there workers their right to organize themselves to better their interests. Companies like Nestle made a public show of their support to social causes, in order to divert attention from their irresponsible behavior elsewhere. Nestle set up the Nestle Trust to support social issues relating the children and aged. However, some people believed the company was using these social causes for pure promotional purposes Nestle has well laid out charters to govern their social responsibility and behavior, but more often than not, these are only on paper. STRATEGIC HRM VERSUS CONVENTIONAL HRM Traditional HRM Strategic HRM Responsibility of HRM Staff specialists Line managers Focus Employee relations Partnerships with internal and external customers Role of HR Transactional, change follower, and respondent Initiatives Slow, reactive, fragmented Fast, proactive, integrated Time horizon Short term Short, medium, long (as necessary) Control Bureaucratic-roles, policies, procedures Organic-flexible, whatever is necessary to succeed Job Design Tight division of labor, independence, specialization Broad, flexible, whatever is necessary to succeed Key Investment Capital, products People, knowledge Accountability Cost center Investment center

Management Accounting and Financial Accounting Essay

The differences between management accounting and financial accounting include:[1] 1. Management accounting provides information to people within an organization while financial accounting is mainly for those outside it, such as shareholders 2. Financial accounting is required by law while management accounting is not. Specific standards and formats may be required for statutory accounts such as in the I.A.S International Accounting Standard within Europe. 3. Financial accounting covers the entire organization while management accounting may be concerned with particular products or cost centres. Managerial accounting is used primarily by those within a company or organization. Reports can be generated for any period of time such as daily, weekly or monthly. Reports are considered to be â€Å"future looking† and have forecasting value to those within the company. Financial accounting is used primarily by those outside of a company or organization. Financial reports are usually created for a set period of time, such as a fiscal year or period. Financial reports are historically factual and have predictive value to those who wish to make financial decisions or investments in a company. Management Accounting is the branch of Accounting that deals primarily with confidential financial reports for the exclusive use of top management within an organization. These reports are prepared utilizing scientific and statistical methods to arrive at certain monetary values which are then used for decision making. Such reports may include: * Sales Forecasting reports * Budget analysis and comparative analysis * Feasibility studies * Merger and consolidation reports Financial Accounting, on the other hand, concentrates on the production of financial reports, including the basic reporting requirements of profitability, liquidity, solvency and stability. Reports of this nature can be accessed by internal and external users such as the shareholders, the banks and the creditors.

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Whether looking for an associate degree, bachelor degree, or advanced degree, students are heading to Oklahoma colleges and universities to pursue their educational goals. One of Oklahomas major cities, Tulsa, was recently rated by Forbes magazine as second in the nation in job income growth. Career advancement and increased earnings are growing even faster for Oklahoma college graduates. Working Professionals Head Back to College in Oklahoma to Secure Positions with Top Local Employers Oklahoma college graduates are top competitors for jobs with companies in Oklahoma. Colleges and universities are training students for careers in finance, retail, government, entertainment, biotechnology and health. Some of the top businesses offering employment in Oklahoma include: Devon Energy headquartered in Oklahoma. ATT headquartered in Oklahoma. The Hertz Corporation headquartered in Oklahoma. BancFirst headquartered in Oklahoma. Express Personnel Services headquartered in Oklahoma. Oklahoma Publishing Company headquartered in Oklahoma. AOL headquartered in Oklahoma. .ue9f7921e047cc3f9cacedde4c7dd492b { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ue9f7921e047cc3f9cacedde4c7dd492b:active, .ue9f7921e047cc3f9cacedde4c7dd492b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ue9f7921e047cc3f9cacedde4c7dd492b { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ue9f7921e047cc3f9cacedde4c7dd492b .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ue9f7921e047cc3f9cacedde4c7dd492b .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ue9f7921e047cc3f9cacedde4c7dd492b:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ The Relationship Beteween Computer Science and EngineeringLocal Economy Offers Best Opportunities to Graduates of Oklahoma Colleges and Universities Oklahoma college graduates have promising futures in an economy with an unemployment rate well below the national average. Forbes magazine has also ranked Tulsa, Oklahoma as one of the 50 best cities to do business in the nation. Oklahoma university students are entering a strong economy that boasts: The September, 2017 Oklahoma unemployment rate was 4.2 %, compared to the national average of 4.4%. 1,696,300 people are employed in Oklahoma. The 2016 2017 Oklahoma median household income was $39,292. Single Parents find Flexible Education Options at Oklahoma Colleges and Universities Single parents and students from all life situations are finding degree programs in Oklahoma that fit their educational and financial needs. Combinations of campus-based and online degree programs are now available through Oklahoma schools, such as: Kaplan University: Oklahoma Online Degree Programs. .u52957bc200c7ea02b5ae1f65a7aa4b6a { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u52957bc200c7ea02b5ae1f65a7aa4b6a:active, .u52957bc200c7ea02b5ae1f65a7aa4b6a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u52957bc200c7ea02b5ae1f65a7aa4b6a { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u52957bc200c7ea02b5ae1f65a7aa4b6a .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u52957bc200c7ea02b5ae1f65a7aa4b6a .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u52957bc200c7ea02b5ae1f65a7aa4b6a:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Online Degree Opportunities For TeachersUniversity of Phoenix: Oklahoma City College Campus, Tulsa University Campus, and Online Programs. ITT Technical Institute: Oklahoma City University Campus, Tulsa College Campus, and Online Programs. For a complete list of Oklahoma colleges and universities, students are encouraged to explore College-Pages.com, the leading education and career resource website. Prospective students will also find links to informative articles on making education and career decisions in the state of Oklahoma. Related ArticlesVirginia Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in Virginia, the Old Dominion StateArizona Colleges and Universities Pursing Advanced Education in The Grand Canyon StateNew York Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in New York, the Empire StateWest Virginia Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based EducationNew Hampshire Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in New HampshireNorth Dakota Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in North Dakota .u186ce0cb3d100b462bfd01f8a8c7375f { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-b ox-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u186ce0cb3d100b462bfd01f8a8c7375f:active, .u186ce0cb3d100b462bfd01f8a8c7375f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u186ce0cb3d100b462bfd01f8a8c7375f { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u186ce0cb3d100b462bfd01f8a8c7375f .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u186ce0cb3d100b462bfd01f8a8c7375f .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u186ce0cb3d100b462bfd01f8a8c7375f:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Bachelor's Degrees in Teaching Online

Case Study - 1434 Words

Alex Sander’s Organizational Behavior Review Page 1 Alex Sander’s Organizational Behavior Review: A Brief Case Analysis Oakley Tyler Business 305-02 Professor Pratt October 9, 2008 Alex Sander’s Organizational Behavior Review Page 2 Alex Sander is the project manager at Landon Care Products, Inc. Alex is smart. Alex is self-driven. Alex is an asset to his company in that he makes intelligent decisions, faces challenges straight on, and confidently makes things happen while getting things done. In over just one year at Landon, Alex rebranded two national skin care products. Sam Glass, Alex’s supervisor, expected Alex to cause waves within the work place when he hired him, due to his†¦show more content†¦Alex is emotionally disconnected from his teammates and obviously believes that ends justify means. As well, Alex shows characteristic traits of a narcissist. Narcissism is the tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement (Robbins Judge, 2009). Regarding the 360( review, Alex tells Glass, â€Å"†¦ this process doesn’t really concern me. I’ve never worried about promotions because I’ve always gotten them†¦ In terms of money†¦ I’ve always made the same amount or more money than my peers. I expect it and demand that level of compensation (Griener Collins, 2008). Alex is not shy to show his sense of entitlement and slight arrogance. Because of this, his performance is suffering. It is hard for Machs and narcissists to be team players. Alex needs to show more concern about the feelings and insights of his peers, as well as take the 360( review seriously as use it as a tool to improve his weaknesses. As stated above, Alex has many strengths and a high amount of potential. However, the 360( review revealed his weaknesses as well. In order for Alex to improve his employee relations, as well as earn the promotion he desires, he needs to address his performance regarding the emotions and moods he brings to work. A good window to observe moods and emotions through is the affectiveShow MoreRelatedCase Studies : A Case Study Approach Ess ay1157 Words   |  5 PagesA case study is a specific instance that is frequently designed to illustrate a more general principle (Nisbet and Watt, 1984). Hitchock and Hughes (1995) further suggest that the case study approach is particularly valuable when the researcher has little control over evens. Case studies strives to portray ‘what it like’ to be a particular situation, to catch up reality and ‘thick description’ (Geertz, 1973) of participants’ lives experiences of, thoughts about and feelings for a situation. TheyRead MoreCase Study887 Words   |  4 PagesCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reasons choose the case 1.2 The Problems The problems of this case are: 1. 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